Analisis Partisipasi Pekerja Bukan Penerima Upah (BPU) dalam Program BPJS Ketenagakerjaan

Studi Kasus pada Kelompok Petani di Kecamatan Tanjung Morawa

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the participation of non-wage earners (BPU) among oil palm farmers in the BPJS Ketenagakerjaan (Employment Social Security) program in Tanjung Morawa District and to identify the factors influencing their participation decisions. This study employed a descriptive qualitative approach. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, field observations, and document analysis involving ten informants, consisting of five active participants and five non-participants of BPJS Ketenagakerjaan. Data were analyzed using the Miles, Huberman, and Saldaña interactive model, including data condensation, data display, and conclusion drawing. The findings reveal that participation among oil palm farmers remains uneven. Participation decisions are influenced by limited understanding of the program, perceived benefits of employment social security, unstable income due to the volatility of fresh fruit bunch (FFB) prices and low-yield seasons (musim trek), as well as the role of farmer groups in disseminating information. From the perspective of Islamic economics, the self-contribution mechanism reflects the principles of ta'awun (mutual assistance) and risk sharing in providing social protection for informal workers. This study contributes to a better understanding of participation dynamics among informal agricultural workers and provides recommendations for developing more adaptive strategies to expand BPJS Ketenagakerjaan participation in rural communities.