Pengaruh Kepastians Hukum, Kepercayaan Digital, dan Persepsi Risiko terhadap Minat Penggunaan Smart Contract Berbasis Blockchain di Indonesia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55606/jhpis.v5i3.6720Keywords:
Legal Certainty, Digital Trust, Perceived Risk, Smart Contract, BlockchainAbstract
This study aims to analyze the effect of legal certainty, digital trust, and perceived risk on the intention to use blockchain-based smart contracts in Indonesia. This research employed an explanatory quantitative approach involving an accessible population of 100 respondents, including digital business actors, digital financial service users, technology-based MSME actors, law/economics/informatics students, legal practitioners, and blockchain technology users. Data were collected using a five-point Likert scale questionnaire and analyzed through SEM-PLS using SmartPLS. The findings reveal that legal certainty has a positive and significant effect on the intention to use smart contracts, digital trust is the most dominant factor in increasing usage intention, while perceived risk has a negative and significant effect. The R-square value of 0.647 indicates that the three variables explain 64.7% of the variation in smart contract usage intention. The implications of this study highlight the need to strengthen regulation, improve platform security and transparency, and educate users to support safer, more trustworthy, and sustainable smart contract adoption in Indonesia.
Downloads
References
Albayati, H., Kim, S. K., & Rho, J. J. (2020). Accepting financial transactions using blockchain technology and cryptocurrency: A customer perspective approach. Technology in Society, 62, 101320. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techsoc.2020.101320
Ante, L. (2021). Smart contracts on the blockchain: A bibliometric analysis and review. Telematics and Informatics, 57, 101519. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tele.2020.101519
Chang, V., Baudier, P., Zhang, H., Xu, Q., Zhang, J., & Arami, M. (2020). How blockchain can impact financial services: The overview, challenges and recommendations from expert interviewees. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 158, 120166. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2020.120166
Chen, Y., & Bellavitis, C. (2020). Blockchain disruption and decentralized finance: The rise of decentralized business models. Journal of Business Venturing Insights, 13, e00151. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbvi.2019.e00151
De Filippi, P., Mannan, M., & Reijers, W. (2020). Blockchain as a confidence machine: The problem of trust and challenges of governance. Technology in Society, 62, 101284. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techsoc.2020.101284
Ferreira, A. (2021). Regulating smart contracts: Legal revolution or simply evolution? Telecommunications Policy, 45(2), 102081. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.telpol.2020.102081
Kamble, S. S., Gunasekaran, A., & Sharma, R. (2020). Modeling the blockchain enabled traceability in agriculture supply chain. International Journal of Information Management, 52, 101967. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2019.05.023
Kaur, P., Dhir, A., Bodhi, R., Singh, T., & Almotairi, M. (2020). Why do people use and recommend m-wallets? International Journal of Information Management, 54, 102091. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2020.102091
Liu, Y., Tsyvinski, A., & Wu, X. (2022). Common risk factors in cryptocurrency. The Journal of Finance, 77(2), 1133–1177. https://doi.org/10.1111/jofi.13119
Makarov, I., & Schoar, A. (2020). Trading and arbitrage in cryptocurrency markets. Journal of Financial Economics, 135(2), 293–319. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfineco.2019.07.001
Patil, P., Tamilmani, K., Rana, N. P., & Raghavan, V. (2020). Understanding consumer adoption of mobile payment in India: Extending Meta-UTAUT model with personal innovativeness, anxiety, trust, and grievance redressal. International Journal of Information Management, 54, 102144. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2020.102144
Queiroz, M. M., & Wamba, S. F. (2020). Blockchain adoption challenges in supply chain: An empirical investigation of the main drivers in India and the USA. International Journal of Information Management, 52, 102064. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2019.102064
Schär, F. (2021). Decentralized finance: On blockchain- and smart contract-based financial markets. Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Review, 103(2), 153–174. https://doi.org/10.20955/r.103.153-74
Zetzsche, D. A., Arner, D. W., & Buckley, R. P. (2020). Decentralized finance. Journal of Financial Regulation, 6(2), 172–203. https://doi.org/10.1093/jfr/fjaa010
Zheng, Z., Xie, S., Dai, H. N., Chen, X., Wang, H., Weng, J., & Imran, M. (2020). An overview on smart contracts: Challenges, advances and platforms. Future Generation Computer Systems, 105, 475–491. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.future.2019.12.019
De Filippi, P., Wray, C., & Sileno, G. (2021). Smart contracts. Internet Policy Review, 10(2), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.14763/2021.2.1549
Mansula, G. R. (2023). Perlindungan hukum atas penyelesaian hukum tidak berfungsinya proses transaksi melalui smart contract pada sistem blockchain. Al Qodiri: Jurnal Pendidikan, Sosial dan Keagamaan.
Martinelli, I. (2024). Legalitas dan efektivitas penggunaan teknologi blockchain terhadap smart contract sebagai produk hukum di era digital. Review of Multidisciplinary Education, Culture and Pedagogy.
Jangir, K., Sharma, V., Taneja, S., & Rupeika-Apoga, R. (2022). The moderating effect of perceived risk on users’ continuance intention for FinTech services. Journal of Risk and Financial Management, 16(1), 21.
Sari, I. P. (2026). Legal certainty in the conformity of smart contracts with the Indonesian digital economy ecosystem. Priviet Social Sciences Journal.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Rizky Wisudawan Katjong, Revie Kurnia Katjong
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
