Pengaruh Corporate Social Responsibility dan Ukuran Perusahaan terhadap Tax Avoidance dengan Return On Assets sebagai Pemoderasi
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55606/jekombis.v5i3.6597Keywords:
Corporate Social Responsibility, Firm Size, Moderating Variable, Return on Assets, Tax AvoidanceAbstract
This study aims to examine the effect of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) and firm size on tax avoidance, with Return on Assets (ROA) serving as a moderating variable, in energy sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) during the 2021–2024 period. This research employs a quantitative approach using secondary data obtained from annual reports and sustainability reports. The sample consists of 33 companies with a total of 132 observations selected through purposive sampling. Data were analyzed using panel data regression and Moderated Regression Analysis (MRA). The results indicate that: (1) CSR has a negative effect on tax avoidance; (2) firm size has a negative effect on tax avoidance; (3) ROA moderates the effect of CSR on tax avoidance by strengthening the relationship; and (4) ROA does not moderate the effect of firm size on tax avoidance. These findings indicate that companies with stronger CSR implementation and larger firm size tend to engage in lower tax avoidance. Furthermore, profitability, as measured by ROA, strengthens the relationship between CSR and tax avoidance but does not significantly influence the relationship between firm size and tax avoidance, providing additional evidence on the role of profitability in corporate tax behavior.
Downloads
References
Erawati, T., & Wibowo, F. T. (2022). Pengaruh karakteristik kepemilikan keluarga dan ukuran perusahaan terhadap perilaku penghindaran pajak (tax avoidance) dengan profitabilitas sebagai variabel moderasi. Jurnal Akuntansi Pajak Dewantara, 4(2), 100–114.
Fitri, A. W. (2024). Pengaruh leverage, komisaris independen, dan corporate social responsibility terhadap penghindaran pajak. LAWSUIT: Jurnal Perpajakan, 3(1), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.30656/lawsuit.v3i1.925
Heidy, M., & Ngadiman. (2021). Pengaruh ukuran perusahaan, multinational, dan thin capitalization terhadap tax avoidance dalam perusahaan manufaktur yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia pada tahun 2015–2019. Jurnal Multiparadigma Akuntansi, 3(2), 578–587. https://doi.org/10.24912/jpa.v3i2.11698
Heriana, P. K., Nuryati, T., Rossa, E., & Machdar, N. M. (2023). Pengaruh corporate social responsibility, ukuran perusahaan, dan capital intensity terhadap tax avoidance. SINOMIKA Journal: Publikasi Ilmiah Bidang Ekonomi dan Akuntansi, 2(1), 45–54. https://doi.org/10.54443/sinomika.v2i1.985
Herlin, & Mu'arif, S. (2024). Pengaruh kebijakan utang, intensitas modal, kepemilikan publik, dan gender diversity terhadap penghindaran pajak (studi empiris pada perusahaan sektor energi di Bursa Efek Indonesia tahun 2019–2023). Mufakat: Jurnal Ekonomi, Manajemen dan Akuntansi, 3(2), 258–273. https://doi.org/10.57235/jamparing.v3i1.5489
Hermawan, S., Sudradjat, S., & Amyar, F. (2021). Pengaruh profitabilitas, leverage, dan ukuran perusahaan terhadap tax avoidance perusahaan property dan real estate. Jurnal Ilmiah Akuntansi Kesatuan, 9(2), 359–372. https://doi.org/10.37641/jiakes.v9i2.873
Jensen, M. C., & Meckling, W. H. (1976). Theory of the firm: Managerial behavior, agency costs and ownership structure. Journal of Financial Economics, 3(4), 305–360. https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-405X(76)90026-X
Khairunnisa, N. R., Simbolon, A. Y., & Eprianto, I. (2023). Pengaruh leverage, profitabilitas, dan good governance terhadap penghindaran pajak (tax avoidance). Jurnal Economina, 2(8), 2164–2177. https://doi.org/10.55681/economina.v2i8.726
Kurnianti, D., Mardiyati, U., & Indriani, T. (2021). Profitabilitas, corporate social responsibility, corporate governance, dan tax avoidance pada perusahaan manufaktur periode 2014–2018. Jurnal Riset Manajemen Sains Indonesia (JRMSI).
Machdar, N. M. (2022). Does tax avoidance, deferred tax expenses, and deferred tax liabilities affect real earnings management? Evidence from Indonesia. Institutions and Economies, 14(2), 117–148. https://doi.org/10.22452/IJIE.vol14no2.5
Natanael, I. D., Murni, Y., & Azizah, W. (2021). Pengaruh corporate social responsibility, komite audit, leverage, dan return on assets terhadap tax avoidance. Jurnal Ilmiah Akuntansi Pancasila, 1(2), 77–93. https://doi.org/10.35814/jiap.v1i2.2140
Nirwasita, D., Durya, N. P. M. A., & Purwantoro. (2024). Pengaruh capital intensity terhadap penghindaran pajak dengan profitabilitas sebagai moderasi (Studi pada perusahaan sektor energi yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia tahun 2020–2023). INNOVATIVE: Journal of Social Science Research, 4(4), 13190–13203.
Nuryati, T., Pangaribuan, D., & Nindasari, D. (2022). Tax planning for Article 21 income. Atestasi: Jurnal Ilmiah Akuntansi, 5(2), 668–680. https://doi.org/10.57178/atestasi.v5i2.622
Nuryati, T., & Pratama, B. (2019). Tax amnesty as a contribution to the improvement of taxpayers’ compliance. Advances in Economics, Business and Management Research. Atlantis Press. https://doi.org/10.2991/aicar-18.2019.51
Oktafiyani, M., & Permana, C. B. (2021). Peran profitabilitas dalam memoderasi tax avoidance: Dilihat dari ukuran perusahaan pertambangan di Indonesia. Jurnal Akuntansi dan Audit Syariah (JAAiS), 2(1), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.28918/jaais.v2i1.4069
Oktavia, V., Ulfi, J., & Kusuma, J. W. (2020). Pengaruh good corporate governance dan ukuran perusahaan terhadap tax avoidance (Pada perusahaan properti dan real estate yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia periode 2015–2018). Jurnal Revenue, 1(2), 143–151. https://doi.org/10.30996/jea17.v2i02.3161
Pangestuti, D. F. R., & S. (2024). Tax planning (basic): Strategi dan perencanaan dalam mengefisiensikan pajak dan menghadapi ketentuan perpajakan Indonesia (Cetakan I). Literasi Nusantara Abadi.
Panjaitan, I. (2016). Pengaruh leverage dan firm size terhadap penghindaran pajak (tax avoidance) pada perusahaan property dengan profitabilitas sebagai variabel moderasi. Media Manajemen Jasa, 2(2), 89–107.
Pohan, C. A. (2013). Manajemen perpajakan: Strategi perencanaan pajak dan bisnis (Edisi revisi). PT Gramedia Pustaka Utama.
Pratama, A. (2024). Riset akuntansi perpajakan: Teori dan literature. Bintang Semesta Media.
Putri, Y. A., & Yanti, H. B. (2022). Pengaruh corporate social responsibility, kompensasi manajemen, intensitas modal, dan financial distress terhadap tax avoidance. Jurnal Ekonomi Trisakti, 2(2), 487–500.
Rahman, A., & Mappadang, A. (2024). The effect of thin capitalization, liquidity, and profitability on tax avoidance with financial distress as an intervening variable in energy sector companies. Jurnal Comparative: Ekonomi dan Bisnis, 6(1), 93–116. https://doi.org/10.31000/combis.v6i1
Rossa, E. (2022). Fenomena kekuatan laba di masa COVID-19: Suatu pengujian keputusan pembiayaan utang dan tindakan penghindaran pajak. Studi Akuntansi, Keuangan, dan Manajemen, 1(2), 59–69. https://doi.org/10.35912/sakman.v1i2.729
Saputra, D., Dwi, R. C., & Yulita, R. H. (2022). Pengaruh corporate social responsibility dan ukuran perusahaan terhadap penghindaran pajak. Journal of Information System, Applied, Management, Accounting and Research, 6(1), 47–56. https://doi.org/10.52362/jisamar.v6i1.641
Sembiring, S. S., & Sa'adah, L. (2021). Pengaruh ukuran perusahaan, profitabilitas, dan pertumbuhan penjualan terhadap tax avoidance. Jurnal Manajemen Dirgantara, 14(2).
Setyawan, S. (2021). Pengaruh corporate social responsibility (CSR) dan good corporate governance (GCG) terhadap tax avoidance. Jurnal Akademi Akuntansi, 4(2), 152–161. https://doi.org/10.22219/jaa.v4i2.17992
Shafira, A., Guritno, Y., & Ermaya, H. N. L. (2022). Pengaruh corporate social responsibility, ukuran perusahaan, dan leverage terhadap penghindaran pajak pada perusahaan manufaktur. Jurnal Akunida, 8(1), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.30997/jakd.v8i1.4546
Sirait, P. (2016). Analisis laporan keuangan. Ekuilibria.
Situmeang, I. V. O. (2016). Corporate social responsibility: Dipandang dari perspektif komunikasi organisasi. Ekuilibria.
Sulaeman, R. (2021). Pengaruh profitabilitas, leverage, dan ukuran perusahaan terhadap penghindaran pajak (tax avoidance). Syntax Idea, 3(2), 354–367. https://doi.org/10.46799/syntax-idea.v3i2.1050
Tarnaba, R. R., & Turmirin. (2024). Pengaruh intensitas modal dan tanggung jawab sosial perusahaan terhadap penghindaran pajak dengan ukuran perusahaan sebagai variabel pemoderasi. JAIM: Jurnal Akuntansi Manado, 5(3), 575–586. https://doi.org/10.53682/jaim.vi.10389
Wardani, D. K., & Sarini, N. (2025). Moderating profitability through corporate social responsibility for tax avoidance in manufacturing companies. JASa (Jurnal Akuntansi, Audit dan Sistem Informasi Akuntansi), 9(1), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.36555/jasa.v9i1.2725
Wibowo, S., Sutandi, Limajatini, & Komarudin, H. (2021). Pengaruh ukuran perusahaan, capital intensity terhadap tax avoidance dengan opinion shopping sebagai variabel intervening pada perusahaan manufaktur di Bursa Efek Indonesia. Akunteknologi: Jurnal Ilmiah Akuntansi dan Teknologi, 13(1), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.52659/medikonis.v12i1.26
Windaryany, I. G. A. I. W., & Jati, I. K. (2020). Pengaruh ukuran perusahaan, kepemilikan institusional, dan konservatisme akuntansi pada tax avoidance. E-Jurnal Akuntansi, 30(2), 375–387. https://doi.org/10.24843/EJA.2020.v30.i02.p03
Wulandari, T. R., & Purnomo, L. J. (2021). Ukuran perusahaan, umur perusahaan, pertumbuhan penjualan, kepemilikan manajerial, dan penghindaran pajak. JAB: Jurnal Akuntansi dan Bisnis, 21(1), 102–115. https://doi.org/10.20961/jab.v21i1.626
Yuliana, N. A., Nuryati, T., Rossa, E., & Machdar, N. M. (2023). Pengaruh perencanaan pajak, beban pajak tangguhan, dan penghindaran pajak terhadap manajemen laba. SINOMIKA Journal: Publikasi Ilmiah Bidang Ekonomi dan Akuntansi, 2(1), 55–64. https://doi.org/10.54443/sinomika.v2i1.986
Yuniati, T. (2020). Effect of e-facture and e-NOFA implementation on tax compliance (A case study at KPP Pratama Madya Bekasi). Journal of Research in Business, Economics, and Education, 2(3).
Zoebar, M. K. Y., & Miftah, D. (2020). Pengaruh corporate social responsibility, capital intensity, dan kualitas audit terhadap penghindaran pajak. Jurnal Magister Akuntansi Trisakti, 7(1), 25–40. https://doi.org/10.25105/jmat.v7i1.6315
Arizal, O. R. (2023, March). Tax ratio 2022 Indonesia menjadi salah satu yang paling rendah di antara G20 dan ASEAN. https://tbrights.com/tax-ratio-2022-indonesia-menjadi-salah-satu-yang-paling-rendah-di-antara-g20-dan-asean/
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Khalisa Fahira, Tutty Nuryati, Pratiwi Nila Sari

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.





