Rekayasa Nanokomposit ZnO/Hibiscus sabdariffa untuk Krim Antibakteri Ramah Lingkungan

Annisa Astri Nishima; Aprilia Arista; Devy Sevia Venata; Lika Amelya

doi:10.55606/termometer.v4i2.6022

Authors

Annisa Astri Nishima Universitas Negeri Malang
Aprilia Arista Universitas Negeri Malang
Devy Sevia Venata Universitas Negeri Malang
Lika Amelya Universitas Negeri Malang

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.55606/termometer.v4i2.6022

Keywords:

Antibacterial Cream, Green Synthesis, Hibiscus sabdariffa, Nanocomposite, Zinc Oxide

Abstract

The increasing prevalence of bacterial skin infections and the growing issue of antibiotic resistance have encouraged the development of alternative antibacterial agents that are effective, safe, and environmentally friendly. This study aims to develop and evaluate an eco-friendly antibacterial cream based on ZnO/Hibiscus sabdariffa nanocomposite synthesized through a green biosynthesis approach. The research employed a quantitative experimental design conducted in a laboratory setting, including the synthesis of ZnO nanoparticles via precipitation method, extraction of Hibiscus sabdariffa bioactive compounds using ethanol, and the formation of nanocomposites through mixing and sonication processes. The nanocomposite was characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD) to confirm crystal structure and particle size. Subsequently, it was formulated into a topical cream with varying concentrations and evaluated for physical properties such as pH, homogeneity, and spreadability. Antibacterial activity was tested against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli using the agar diffusion method. The results indicated that the nanocomposite exhibited nanoscale crystalline ZnO structure and enhanced antibacterial activity compared to individual components. The cream formulation showed appropriate physical characteristics, including a pH compatible with skin, good homogeneity, and optimal spreadability. The highest inhibition zone was observed in the nanocomposite sample, indicating a synergistic effect between ZnO nanoparticles and bioactive compounds from Hibiscus sabdariffa. This study demonstrates that ZnO/Hibiscus sabdariffa nanocomposite has strong potential as an effective, safe, and sustainable antibacterial agent in topical applications, supporting the development of green pharmaceutical products.

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