Kajian Eksperimental Pengaruh Variasi Discharge Rate terhadap Karakteristik Elektrokimia dan Termal Baterai Lithium-Ion Silinder LCO, LFP, NMC, dan NCA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55606/juprit.v5i3.6753Keywords:
Discharge Rate, Electrochemical Characteristics, Lithium-Ion Battery, Simple Additive Weighting, Thermal ResponseAbstract
Lithium-ion batteries are a key component of modern energy storage systems, including electric vehicles and renewable energy integration. Nevertheless, their performance is strongly affected by operating conditions, especially the discharge rate. This study aims to evaluate the effect of discharge rate variation (0.5C, 1C, 2C, and 3C) on the electrochemical and thermal characteristics of four commercial cylindrical lithium-ion cell chemistries - LCO, LFP, NMC, and NCA, using a quantitative experimental method with a Neware CE-6002n Battery Testing System and a Hioki LR8450 Memory HiLogger. Test results show that discharge capacity decreased by 2.3–8.9% from 0.5C to 3C, while discharge energy decreased significantly by 14–21% due to reduced working voltage caused by internal resistance. Energy efficiency dropped from a range of 83–94% to 65–80%. Surface temperatures of the NMC and NCA cells exceeded 60°C at a 3C discharge rate, surpassing the safe operating limit, whereas LCO exhibited the lowest ΔT value. Based on the Simple Additive Weighting method applied to seven performance parameters, the overall performance ranking obtained was NMC > LCO > NCA > LFP. The quadratic regression model provided the best representation for capacity, energy, and temperature rise, while the geometric model was most suitable for energy efficiency.
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