Faktor yang Berhubugan Dengan Pemanfaatan Pelayanan Kesehatan pada Peserta Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional (JKN) di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Bulurokeng Kota Makassar

Abstract

The low utilization of health services among National Health Insurance (JKN) participants remains a challenge in improving public health. This study aimed to determine the factors associated with health service utilization among JKN participants in the working area of Bulurokeng Public Health Center, Makassar City, in 2026. This quantitative study employed an analytical observational design with a Cross-Sectional Study approach. The study was conducted in June 2026 with a sample of 100 respondents selected using the Accidental Sampling technique. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire covering respondent characteristics, knowledge of JKN, income, access to health facilities, transportation facilities, and health service utilization. Data were analyzed using the Chi-Square test at a significance level of α = 0.05 with SPSS software. The results showed that 63.0% of respondents did not utilize health services. Bivariate analysis indicated significant associations between knowledge of JKN (ρ = 0.000) and access to health facilities (ρ = 0.000) and health service utilization. In contrast, income (ρ = 0.109) and transportation facilities (ρ = 0.492) were not significantly associated with health service utilization. The study concludes that knowledge of JKN and access to health facilities are factors associated with health service utilization among JKN participants. Therefore, continuous education regarding JKN and improved accessibility to health facilities are needed to optimize health service utilization and support better public health outcomes.