Studi Kasus Balita Usia 14 Bulan dengan Gizi Buruk Tanpa Komplikasi di Desa Blang dalam Geunteng Puskesmas Nisam Tahun 2026

Salsa Nabila Inong Ranadhana; Wirdatul Ulfia; Muhammad Rizky Simanjutak; Maulida Sari; Noviana Zara

doi:10.55606/detector.v4i1.5864

Authors

Salsa Nabila Inong Ranadhana Universitas Malikussaleh
Wirdatul Ulfia Universitas Malikussaleh
Muhammad Rizky Simanjutak Universitas Malikussaleh
Maulida Sari Universitas Malikussaleh
Noviana Zara Universitas Malikussaleh

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.55606/detector.v4i1.5864

Keywords:

Family Medicine, Malnutrition, Nutritional Intervention, Stunting, Toddler

Abstract

Malnutrition and stunting among children under five remain major public health challenges in developing countries, including Indonesia. These conditions are associated with increased morbidity, mortality, impaired cognitive development, and reduced productivity in adulthood. Stunting reflects chronic nutritional deficiencies, while severe malnutrition indicates acute or prolonged inadequate nutrient intake, often exacerbated by infections, poor caregiving practices, and unfavorable socioeconomic conditions. This case report aims to describe the clinical condition, contributing factors, management, and outcomes of a 14-month-old female toddler diagnosed with severe malnutrition and stunting without complications in Blang Dalam Geuteung Village, Nisam Subdistrict, North Aceh Regency. The assessment was conducted using a family medicine approach, incorporating detailed history taking, physical examination, anthropometric measurements, and nutritional status evaluation based on World Health Organization Z-score indicators. Interventions included nutritional rehabilitation through appropriate dietary intake, family education on balanced nutrition and proper feeding practices, routine growth monitoring, and optimization of primary healthcare services. The results showed gradual improvement in the child’s nutritional status, evidenced by weight gain, better appetite, and improved feeding patterns following the intervention. This case highlights the importance of early detection, comprehensive family-centered management, and continuous monitoring in addressing malnutrition and stunting at the primary care level. Strengthening community-based interventions, improving caregiver knowledge, and enhancing collaboration between healthcare providers and families are essential to reduce the burden of malnutrition and support optimal child growth and development.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Black, R. E., Victora, C. G., Walker, S. P., Bhutta, Z. A., Christian, P., de Onis, M., & Uauy, R. (2021). Maternal and child undernutrition and overweight in low-income and middle-income countries. The Lancet, 397(10277), 243–260.

Danaei, G., Andrews, K. G., Sudfeld, C. R., Fink, G., McCoy, D. C., Peet, E., & Fawzi, W. W. (2020). Risk factors for childhood stunting in 137 developing countries. PLoS Medicine, 17(4), e1003156.

de Onis, M., & Branca, F. (2021). Childhood stunting: A global perspective. Maternal & Child Nutrition, 17(Suppl. 2), e13130.

Dewey, K. G., & Begum, K. (2020). Long-term consequences of stunting in early life. Maternal & Child Nutrition, 16(Suppl. 2), e12901.

Development Initiatives. (2023). Global nutrition report 2023. Development Initiatives.

Hoddinott, J., Alderman, H., Behrman, J. R., Haddad, L., & Horton, S. (2021). The economic rationale for investing in stunting reduction. Maternal & Child Nutrition, 17(Suppl. 1), e13127.

Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. (2023). Hasil Survei Status Gizi Indonesia (SSGI) tahun 2023. Kemenkes RI.

Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. (2024). Petunjuk teknis tata laksana gizi buruk pada balita. Direktorat Gizi dan KIA.

Leroy, J. L., & Frongillo, E. A. (2021). Perspective: What does stunting really mean? A critical review of the evidence. Advances in Nutrition, 12(6), 1968–1979.

Martorell, R., & Zongrone, A. (2022). Intergenerational influences on child growth and undernutrition. Paediatric and Perinatal Epidemiology, 36(Suppl. 1), 1–10.

Nguyen, P. H., Kim, S. S., Sanghvi, T., Mahmud, Z., Tran, L. M., Shabnam, S., & Menon, P. (2020). Integrating nutrition interventions into health systems. The Journal of Nutrition, 150(7), 1856–1865.

Prendergast, A. J., & Humphrey, J. H. (2021). The stunting syndrome in developing countries. Paediatrics and International Child Health, 41(3), 141–148.

Ruel, M. T., Alderman, H., & Maternal and Child Nutrition Study Group. (2021). Nutrition-sensitive interventions and programmes. The Lancet, 397(10277), 536–551.

Sharma, I. K., & Byrne, A. (2021). Early initiation of breastfeeding and infant feeding practices. BMC Public Health, 21, 204.

Smith, L. C., & Haddad, L. (2020). Explaining child malnutrition trends in developing countries. World Development, 132, 104964.

United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF). (2021). The state of the world’s children 2021. UNICEF.

United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF). (2023). Improving child nutrition: The achievable imperative. UNICEF.

Victora, C. G., Christian, P., Vidaletti, L. P., Gatica-Domínguez, G., Menon, P., & Black, R. E. (2021). Revisiting maternal and child undernutrition. The Lancet, 397(10277), 40–52.

World Health Organization. (2021). Guideline on the prevention of stunting and wasting. WHO.

World Health Organization. (2023). Malnutrition: Key facts. WHO.

World Health Organization, & United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF). (2022). WHO–UNICEF joint child malnutrition estimates. WHO.