Peran Spiritualitas dalam Resiliensi Masyarakat Afghanistan
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55606/detector.v3i2.4938Keywords:
spirituality, resilience, Afghanistan, war, traumaAbstract
Through a systematic review and meta-analysis, this research investigates the relationship between spirituality and psychological resilience in the Afghan population. Of the 1,247 identified studies, 47 (N=12,468) met the inclusion criteria. The results of the random-effects model analysis confirm a strong positive correlation between spirituality and psychological resilience (r = 0.64, 95% CI [0.58, 0.70], p < .001). Furthermore, there is significant heterogeneity among studies (I² = 76.3%, Q = 182.45, p < .001). Additionally, moderator analysis reveals that the effect of spirituality on resilience is significantly stronger in Afghan groups experiencing war trauma (β = 0.72) compared to non-traumatized groups (β = 0.51). Meta-regression results indicate that daily spiritual practice accounts for 43.2% of the total variance in psychological resilience among the Afghan community. In comparison to the findings of Salsman et al. (2015) and Schwalm et al. (2022), which reported a moderate correlation between the two variables (r = 0.45-0.52), this study has reinforced the presence of a stronger effect of spirituality on resilience in the context of prolonged conflict, presenting a novel contribution. Lastly, the mediation analysis indicates that the sense of meaning in life mediates the spirituality-resilience relationship in Afghanistan by 67.8% (95% CI [61.2, 74.5]). This research expands upon the findings of Meichenbaum (2008) by identifying specific mechanisms that explain the protective role of spirituality in the context of collective trauma in Afghanistan. Thus, these findings can universally serve as an empirical foundation for developing spirituality-based interventions for trauma recovery in communities affected by prolonged conflict.
Downloads
References
Abbo, C. (2011). Profiles and outcome of traditional healing practices for severe mental illnesses in two districts of Eastern Uganda. Global Health Action, 4(1), 7117.
Akimova, O., Ishchenko, A., & Perga, I. (2025). Community resilience in conflict zones: Identifying key factors for conflict resolution and recovery potential. In The impacts of the Russo-Ukrainian war: Theoretical and practical explorations of policy agendas for peace in Ukraine (pp. 101-117). Springer Nature Singapore.
Alemi, Q., James, S., Cruz, R., Zepeda, V., & Racadio, M. (2014). Psychological distress in Afghan refugees: A mixed-method systematic review. Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health, 16, 1247-1261.
Alemi, Q., Montgomery, S., Smith, V., Stempel, C., Koga, P. M., Taylor, B., & Fisher, C. (2018). Examining help-seeking patterns within modern and traditional resources for support in Afghanistan. Intervention: Journal of Mental Health and Psychosocial Support in Conflict Affected Areas, 16(3), 215-221.
Alemi, Q., Panter-Brick, C., Oriya, S., Ahmady, M., Alimi, A. Q., Faiz, H., ... & Ventevogel, P. (2023). Afghan mental health and psychosocial well-being: Thematic review of four decades of research and interventions. BJPsych Open, 9(4), e125.
Allodi, F. (2012). Spirituality and religion in the response to the adversities of war and armed conflict. Actas Esp Psiquiatr, 40(2), 10-20.
Amiri, R., King, K. M., Heydari, A., Dehghan-Nayeri, N., & Vedadhir, A. A. (2019). Health-seeking behavior of Afghan women immigrants: An ethnographic study. Journal of Transcultural Nursing, 30(1), 47-54.
Bar-Haim, Y., Lamy, D., Pergamin, L., Bakermans-Kranenburg, M. J., & Van Ijzendoorn, M. H. (2007). Threat-related attentional bias in anxious and nonanxious individuals: A meta-analytic study. Psychological Bulletin, 133(1), 1.
Barrera Jr, M., Castro, F. G., Strycker, L. A., & Toobert, D. J. (2013). Cultural adaptations of behavioral health interventions: A progress report. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 81(2), 196.
Bragin, M., Akesson, B., Ahmady, M., Akbari, S., Ayubi, B., Faqiri, R., ... & Sediqi, S. (2022). Peace, love, and justice: A participatory phenomenological study of psychosocial well-being in Afghanistan. International Social Work, 65(3), 457-479.
Brancu, M., Wagner, H. R., Morey, R. A., Beckham, J. C., Calhoun, P. S., Tupler, L. A., ... & Fairbank, J. A. (2017). The Post-deployment Mental Health (PDMH) study and repository: A multi-site study of US Afghanistan and Iraq era veterans. International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research, 26(3), e1570.
Catani, C., Schauer, E., & Neuner, F. (2008). Beyond individual war trauma: Domestic violence against children in Afghanistan and Sri Lanka. Journal of Marital and Family Therapy, 34(2), 165-176.
Cohen, S., & Wills, T. A. (1985). Stress, social support, and the buffering hypothesis. Psychological Bulletin, 98(2), 310-357.
Dansie, R. (2006). Cultural perspective of healing trauma. In Responses to traumatized children (pp. 162-185). Palgrave Macmillan UK.
Dasti, R., & Sitwat, A. (2014). Development of a multidimensional measure of Islamic spirituality (MMIS). Journal of Muslim Mental Health, 8(2).
Dossa, P. (2010). Exploring the disjuncture between the politics of trauma and everyday realities of women in Afghanistan. Journal of Muslim Mental Health, 5(1), 8-21.
Eggerman, M., & Panter-Brick, C. (2010). Suffering, hope, and entrapment: Resilience and cultural values in Afghanistan. Social Science & Medicine, 71(1), 71-83.
Ennis, N., Shorer, S., Shoval-Zuckerman, Y., Freedman, S., Monson, C. M., & Dekel, R. (2020). Treating posttraumatic stress disorder across cultures: A systematic review of cultural adaptations of trauma-focused cognitive behavioral therapies. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 76(4), 587-611.
Fallot, R. D. (2016). Spirituality in trauma recovery. In Sexual abuse in the lives of women diagnosed with serious mental illness (pp. 337-355). Routledge.
Farwell, N., & Cole, J. B. (2001). Community as a context of healing: Psychosocial recovery of children affected by war and political violence. International Journal of Mental Health, 30(4), 19-41.
Fayaz, I. (2023). Role of religion in posttraumatic growth among populations exposed to armed conflict: A systematic review. Mental Health, Religion & Culture, 26(5), 455-469.
García, F. E., Páez, D., Reyes-Reyes, A., & Álvarez, R. (2017). Religious coping as moderator of psychological responses to stressful events: A longitudinal study. Religions, 8(4), 62.
Goldsmith, A., & Cockcroft-McKay, C. (2019). Mental health in South Sudan: A case for community-based support. Disasters, 43(3), 534-554.
Hameed, M. A., Rahman, M. M., & Khanam, R. (2023). The health consequences of civil wars: Evidence from Afghanistan. BMC Public Health, 23(1), 154.
Hipolito, E., Samuels-Dennis, J. A., Shanmuganandapala, B., Maddoux, J., Paulson, R., Saugh, D., & Carnahan, B. (2014). Trauma-informed care: Accounting for the interconnected role of spirituality and empowerment in mental health promotion. Journal of Spirituality in Mental Health, 16(3), 193-217.
Hobfoll, S. E., & Shirom, A. (2000). Conservation of resources theory: Applications to stress and management in the workplace. In Handbook of Organization Behavior (2nd ed., pp. 57-81).
Hosseini, Z., Syed, H., Raza, Z., Mansouri, M., Magan, I. M., & Awaad, R. (2024). A systematic review of evidence-based interventions for Afghan refugee mental health: A cultural adaptation analysis. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 55(1), 25-46.
Jang, Y., Park, N. S., Yoon, H., Ko, J. E., Jung, H., & Chiriboga, D. A. (2017). Mental health literacy in religious leaders: A qualitative study of Korean American clergy. Health & Social Care in the Community, 25(2), 385-393.
Kamali, M., Munyuzangabo, M., Siddiqui, F. J., Gaffey, M. F., Meteke, S., Als, D., ... & Bhutta, Z. A. (2020). Delivering mental health and psychosocial support interventions to women and children in conflict settings: A systematic review. BMJ Global Health, 5(3), e002014.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Detector: Jurnal Inovasi Riset Ilmu Kesehatan
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
